Appendix C — Greek Letters

The following tables present the names of Greek letters and selected symbols commonly used in engineering courses, ensuring precise reference and avoiding reliance on informal descriptors such as “squiggle.”

Greek letters.
Lower Case Upper Case Name
\(\alpha\) A alpha
\(\beta\) B beta
\(\gamma\) \(\Gamma\) gamma
\(\delta\) \(\Delta\) delta
\(\epsilon\) E epsilon
\(\zeta\) Z zeta
\(\eta\) E eta
\(\theta\) \(\Theta\) theta
\(\iota\) I iota
\(\kappa\) K kappa
\(\lambda\) \(\Lambda\) lambda
\(\mu\) M mu
\(\nu\) N nu
\(\xi\) \(\Xi\) xi
\(\omicron\) O omicron
\(\pi\) \(\Pi\) pi
\(\rho\) P rho
\(\sigma\) \(\Sigma\) sigma
\(\tau\) T tau
\(\upsilon\) \(\Upsilon\) upsilon
\(\phi\) \(\Phi\) phi
\(\chi\) X chi
\(\psi\) \(\Psi\) psi
\(\omega\) \(\Omega\) omega
Commonly used symbols in engineering courses.
Symbol Name Use Course
\(\Delta\) Delta Change Thermodynamics
\(\Delta\) Delta Displacement Naval Architecture
\(\nabla\) Nabla Volume Naval Architecture
\(\Sigma\) Sigma Sum Thermodynamics, Naval Architecture, Applied Mechanics
\(\sigma\) Sigma Stress Thermodynamics, Applied Mechanics
\(\epsilon\) Epsilon Modulus of elasticity Thermodynamics, Applied Mechanics
\(\eta\) Eta Efficiency Thermodynamics
\(\omega\) Omega Angular velocity Thermodynamics, Applied Mechanics
\(\rho\) Rho Density Thermodynamics, Naval Architecture
\(\tau\) Tau Torque Thermodynamics, Applied Mechanics